Suramin

Suramin is a member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years. Among its listed roles, it functions as a antinematodal drug, an antineoplastic agent, a trypanocidal drug, an EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor, a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, an angiogenesis inhibitor, a GABA antagonist, a ryanodine receptor agonist, an apoptosis inhibitor and a purinergic receptor P2 antagonist. It belongs to the class of phenylureas, a secondary carboxamide and a naphthalenesulfonic acid. Functionally, it is related to naphthalene-1,3,5-trisulfonic acid. It is the conjugate acid of suramin(6-). It is grouped under the following drug class(es): Trypanosomiasis agents. Its therapeutic use is listed as anti-infectives, antiparasitics and antiprotozoals. The directory classifies it as a commercial API with a synthetic source/manufacturing origin. Other names for this substance include Fourneau and Farma. Its PubChem CID is 5361.